An Enzymatic Hybrid Electrode Platform Based on Chemically Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide Decorated with Palladium and Platinum Alloy Nanoparticles for Biosensing Applications
In this paper, the fabrication and characterization of chemically modified reduced graphene oxide (CRGO) embedded with platinum and palladium nanoparticles (PtPdNPs) decorated hybrid electrode for enzymatic glucose sensing are reported. CRGO was developed by chemically treatment of exfoliate graphite oxide and heat treatment of CRGO film, and bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) were co-deposited electrochemically on the surface of CRGO modified electrode without using any surfactant. The as-prepared hybrid electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of hydrogen peroxide, to which it had a wide linear response range from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.996) and high sensitivity of 437.06 μA/mMcm2. Furthermore, glucose oxidase with chitosan composites was cast by a simple casting method on the surface of the CRGO/PdPtNPs hybrid electrode. The as-prepared modified electrode showed good amperometric response to glucose in the linear range from 0.5 mM to 8 mM with a sensitivity of 27.48 μA/mMcm2. To increase the selectivity and stability of the biosensor, nafion coating was adsorbed on the surface of the CRGO/PdPtNPs/Ch-GOx modified electrode. The as-prepared biosensor showed good amperometric response to glucose in the linear range from 0.5 mM to 11 mM with a sensitivity of 11.81 μA/mMcm2, low detection limit of 0.003 mM (signal to noise ratio is 3), and a short response time of 3 s. Moreover, the effect of interference materials and the stability of the sensor were also investigated.
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