Minimally invasive and flexible microneedle-based lactate sensor
Lactate is an important target material in clinical care for cardiovascular disease or diabetes and in sports medicine [1-2]. Recently, further studies on importance of lactate detection by accessing the interstitial fluid (ISF) were reported for wearable real time lactate monitoring [3]. Here, we have studied a minimally invasive microneedle enabling to detect the lactate in ISF. For the fabrication of the proposed lactate sensor, Ti/Au layers were evaporated and patterned into three electrodes on flexible polyimide (PI) film. And then, we sequentially deposited reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by drop-casting on the working electrode, coated platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) by electroplating and immobilized the lactate oxidase (LOx) enzyme, followed by the deposition of nafion for membrane. The fabricated sensor exhibited high sensitivity of 92.8 μAmM-1 cm-2 , good linearity with R square of 0.991 in the range of 0.5 to 6 mM, and low detection limit of 13.3 μM. Furthermore, the selectivity of lactate over uric acid, glucose, ascorbic acid, and acetaminophen was acceptable. In near future, the fabricated sensor will be characterized and evaluated for in-vivo monitoring.
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